ASTM C 1073 covers a rapid determination of hydraulic activity of 59 The fly ashes in the 1976 study were evaluated based on Federal Specification SS -P-570B. to saturation with slag reagents and is then washed out and moves in the solid form to the slag. GGBFSis divided into three classifications based on its activity index. The micrographs and pozzolanic activity showed that copper slag had stronger reactivity than fly ash. Like fly ash, slag cement will generally enhance the workability of concrete. Classification In accordance with ASTM C989, GGBFS has three strength grades which are determined by their respective mortar strength when they are mixed with equal mass of portland cement. Although the alkalinity determines the types of major minerals of steel slag, it does not determine the contents of these minerals. Strength activity index test: According to (ASTM C989-99) Slag activity is evaluated by determining the compressive strength of both Portland- cement mortars and corresponding mortars made with the mass combinations of slag and Portland cement. Grade 100 must obtain an SAI of more than 70% at 7 days and 90% at 28 days. The results show that the activity index of the composite mineral admixture with higher GGBS content is larger, and this phenomenon is … The activity index of steel slag-GGBS composite mineral admixture with different steel slag contents at the W/B of 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 was investigated. 2 Slag Activity Index Clause 6 Table 2 Vibration machine with timer & cube mould fitting assembly 12000 ± 400 vibration per min. SAI = slag-activity index, % SP = average compressive strength of slag-reference cement mortar cubes, psi P = average compressive strength of reference cement mortar cubes, psi Grades are determined when the mortar cube sample’s SAI falls within the allowed ranges of the following table. Request. The activity index (AI = (SiO 2 + Al 2 O 3 )/ (FeO + Fe 2 O 3 + MgO + MnO)) was defined to evaluate the hydration activity of steel slag, which was verified to be effective by the results of examples. Pozzolanic activity may be directly determined by measuring the amount of reacted lime, using the technique of thermogravimetry analysis and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The slag activity index (SAI) of mortar using GGBF slag to replace PC at a rate of 50% by weight of the binder will not be less than 75% of the strength of the PC mortar at 28 days for grade 80. We hope the information here will be helpful. From a metallurgical standpoint, slag can be sorted as either basic or acidic, and the more basic of slag, the greater its hydraulic activity in the presence of alkaline activators, Lea also reported that the hydraulic values of slag increase with the increasing CaO/SiO 2 ratio up to a limiting value (not precisely stated). Keywords: mechanical properties, pozzolanic activity, volume stability, copper slag, cementitious materials. Grade 120 has a high activity index and is more cementitious than OPC. The slag shall contain no additions and shall conform to the sulfide sulfur and sulfate chemical composition requirement. Some slag concretes have a slag component of 70% or more of the cementitious material. GGBFS is produced when molten slag is quenched rapidly using water jets, which produces a granular glassy aggregate. Request. For grade 120, SAI shall be less than 90% at 7 days and 110% at 28 days. To improve the properties of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and utilize ground granulated blast furnace slag efficiently, this study investigates the effect of fineness on the hydration activity index (HAI) of ground granulated blast furnace slag. The difference of activity among different types of high-alkalinity steel slag cannot be further distinguished by alkalinity. Physical properties of the slag shall be in accordance with the requirements for fineness as determined by air permeability and air content, slag activity index, and compressive strength. The ASTM C989 slag-activity index is often used as a basic criterion for evaluating the relative cementitious potential of slag cements. HI7 and HI28, thus obtained, have been mapped onto a Slag Activity Index (SAI) plot, giving an indication of the ranges of strength of slag. Copper slag based pastes had good volume stability. Hou je stappen, kilometers en aantal uren slaap bij. To improve the properties of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and utilize ground granulated blast furnace slag efficiently, this study investigates the effect of fineness on the hydration activity index (HAI) of ground granulated blast furnace slag. Screper2 Slag Activity Index Clause 6 Table 2 Vibration machine with timer & cube mould fitting assembly 12000 ± 400 vibration per min. classifications based on a slag activity index (SAI) – 120, 100, 80 • This is the ratio of a slag cement mortar to a reference cement mortar • Residue on the 45 micron screen is limited to 20% • Air content of a slag mortar is limited to 12% • Sulfide Sulfur < 2.5% • Sulfate < … INVESTIGATION OF HYDRAULIC ACTIVITY OF GROUND GRANULATED BLAST FURNACE SLAG IN CONCRETE. Calcium silicate slag, Activity index, Storage time, Particle size distribution Abstract. The hydration activity index of GGBS wi … Slag cement (Ground granulated blast- furnace slag): A hydraulic cement formed when granulated blast-furnace slag is ground to a suitable fineness. Compressive Strength machine Poking Rod , Petroleum Jelly Planetary mixer Jolting apparatus Scraper and demoulding device Proving ring with all accessories suitable for calibration of CST machine The physical properties of the slag have to be in accordance with the requirements for fineness as determined by air permeability and air content, slag activity index, and compressive strength. The research in the article indicate not only the possibility of dissolution of the ceramic material in the molten slag, but also possibility of erosive activity of the slag on that material. ASTM C 989 (AASHTO M 302) classifies slag by its increasing level of reactivity as Grade 80, 100, or 120 (Table 3-1). Typically the air-cooled slags have a slag activity index by ASTM C989 of 40 to 50 at 7 days, and 50 to 60 at 28 days and are thus considered low grade slags not even meeting grade 80 of ASTM C989. The three grades, 80, 100, and 120, are classified according to their slag activity index which is average compressive strength of the slag-reference cement cubes (SP), divided by the average compressive strength of the reference cement cubes (P), multiplied by 100 (see Table 1). Slag is primarily used in the cement and construction industries, and largely in road construction. GBFS samples with different ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 were prepared under the laboratory conditions and ground by the agate ball mill at different times. Slag Activity Index According to ASTM C989 [ 6 ], GGBF slag has 3 grades that depend on the mortar strength, i.e., grade 80, 100, and 120. SCA Board Member Login SCA Technical Marketing Committee Login Geomagnetic Activity Index, Tromsø. GGBFS was first used in lime mortar production as early as the 1… The slag shall contain no additions and shall conform to the sulfide sulfur and sulfate chemical composition requirement. HI7 and HI28, thus obtained, have been mapped onto a Slag Activity Index (SAI) plot, giving an indication of the ranges of strength of slag. It is used as a cementitious material in Portland cement concrete. Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) is a by product of the steel industry. 2) - a woman whom sleeps around, looks cheap &/or has questionable character. 1) - to spit. Cement paste and cemented tailing backfill samples that without or contain Cu-Ni slag with various grinding times were made and cured at 20°C for 7, 28, and 150 days. Slags are classified into three grades (80, 100, and 120) based on their respective mortar strengths when blended with an equal mass of portland cement (ASTM C989). Slag is a byproduct of steel production and is similar in character to volcanic rocks such as basalt and granite. This login area is for SCA members only and is used to disseminate association meeting and activity information to members. This figure tells the geomagnetic activity as observed from Tromsø (in the auroral zone) during the last 33 days. To improve the properties of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and utilize ground granulated blast furnace slag efficiently, this study investigates the effect of fineness on the hydration activity index (HAI) of ground granulated blast furnace slag. The results show that the SAI of slag is more than 100% for both 7 and 28 days. Mechanical test and microstructural analyses are performed. Ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS), sometimes simply referred to as “slag”, is a glassy granular material formed when molten blast-furnace slag is rapidly chilled, as by immersion in water. How slag impacts fresh concrete. Slag is a byproduct of steel production and is similar in character to volcanic rocks such as basalt and granite. Discover the world's research. Naast de gebruikelijke puzzelwoorden kom je tijdens je zoekopdrachten duizenden weetjes tegen. Compressive Strength machine Poking Rod , Petroleum Jelly Proving ring with all accessories suitable for calibration of CST machine Tachometer Cube Moulds 70.6 × … Type C Fly Ash: 33.5. read more... Total Construction Material & Solutions. related to iron and steel slag products. It is a non-metallic product, consisting of silicates and aluminosilicates of calcium and other bases, developed in a molten condition simultaneously with iron in a blast furnace. Discover our research outputs and cite our work. Slag Activity Index Min., percent Average of Last 5 Consecutive Samples Any Individual Sample 7-Day index Grade 80 - - Grade 100 75 70 Grade 120 95 90 28-Day index Grade 80 75 70 Grade 100 95 90 Grade 120 115 110 For fineness, the amount retained when wet-screened on a 45 µm (No. In 1976 2 this author publi shed his first research report on the use of fly ash in concrete while working at the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Laboratory in Denver, Colorado. 4.1.1 Strength Activity Index— The test for strength activity index is used to determine whether fly ash or natural pozzolan results in an acceptable level of strength development when used with hydraulic cement in concrete. Activity Index) that is in the current ASTM C618 specification. ... GGBS (Ground Granulated Blast-furnace Slag) is a cementitious material whose main use is in concrete and is a by-product from the blast-furnaces used to make iron. The hydration samples of phosphorous slag powders with high-calcium fly ash content were analyzed using XRD, DSC-TG and SEM. Compressive Strength machine Poking Rod , Petroleum Jelly Proving ring with all accessories suitable for calibration of CST machine Tachometer Cube Moulds 70.6 × … High-alkalinity steel slag shows certain cementitious properties and should be given priority to be used as a supplementary cementitious material in concrete, based on economical and environmental considerations. Slag Activity Index, min% Slag Activity Index, Consecutive Samples Any Individual Samples 7 day index Grade 80 Grade 100 Grade 120 — 75 95 — 70 90 28 day index Grade 80 Grade 100 Grade 120 75 95 115 70 90 110. Since the test is performed with mortar, the results may not provide a direct correlation of how the fly ash or natural pozzolan will contribute to strength in concrete. The SAI of the materials was determined and the results are presented in Table 3. 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